Christmas(クリスマス) の 🇷🇺 ロシア

Russian Christmas is celebrated on January 7 according to the Julian calendar used by the Russian Orthodox Church. This means that while December 31 (New Year's Eve) is the main winter celebration in Russia with gift-giving and feasting, Christmas carries deep religious significance for the devout.

The Russian Orthodox Christmas is preceded by a strict 40-day Nativity Fast during which the faithful abstain from meat, dairy, and eggs. On Christmas Eve, the fast is broken after the first star appears, with a special meal called Sochevnik. The traditional dish is sochivo or kutya, a sweet porridge made from wheat berries, honey, poppy seeds, and nuts. Twelve meatless dishes may be served, representing the twelve apostles.

Midnight liturgy on Christmas Eve is the spiritual heart of the celebration. Services at Christ the Savior Cathedral in Moscow, attended by the Patriarch and often by the President, are broadcast nationally. Churches across the country hold services that can last several hours, filled with choral singing, candlelight, and incense.

On Christmas Day, the feast becomes celebratory with roasted meats, pirozhki (stuffed pastries), blini, and an abundance of salads. Kolyadki (carol singing) is an ancient tradition where groups visit homes singing Christmas songs and receiving treats. Ded Moroz (Grandfather Frost) and his granddaughter Snegurochka (Snow Maiden) are associated with New Year rather than Christmas, reflecting the Soviet-era shift of holiday traditions.

Christian holiday celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed on December 25 worldwide with gift-giving, festive meals, church services, and diverse cultural traditions.